Idealism, Realism, Marxism and Neo-Realism Theories Essay

Vision, Realism, Marxism and Neo-Realism Theories - Essay Example This exposition examines that neo-authenticity proposes that the sort of the political framework for singular countries can profoundly affect the global political framework. The political framework for every country advances global legislative issues when it obeys and grasps authenticity and straightforwardness of international strategies. It is a potential wellspring of aggravation to global governmental issues, particularly where intrigue gatherings and open emerge to concede the focal chiefs, for example, the United States. Global foundations must be utilized to expand the possibilities of universal governmental issues flourishing. Predominant countries, for example, the United States utilize global establishments to starting alliance. The qualities and interests of the prevailing states are reflected through global foundations. They will in general lessen the intensity of the superpowers. In any case, more vulnerable countries will consistently attempt to contradict some common n orms to stay free standards of universal establishments. For instance, countries question U.S absence of investment in International Criminal Court. The centralization of intensity inside one country is tended to through ethical quality. Profound quality cultivates tranquil conjunction among countries and turns into an instrument for universal participation in legislative issues. In case of war, human rights must be secured on the planet today not at all like in the past where nations, for example, Russia yielded human rights to seek after forces. Authenticity hypothesis avows to the way that countries must see how worldwide frameworks work before meeting up to rehearse legislative issues (Kaplan).

Jerusalem Essays - Neighbourhoods Of Jerusalem, Quarters

Jerusalem Jerusalem is situated in the core of Israel and is separated into three segments: the Old City, New City (West Jerusalem), and East Jerusalem. In the middle is the Old City which is separated into four fundamental segments: Muslim Quarter, Jewish Quarter, Christian Quarter, and the Armenian Quarter. Additionally, the Old City is the site of numerous strict and authentic tourist spots. Inside Jewish Quarters, the principle fascination is the Western (Wailing) Divider Wall). It's named the Howling Wall in light of the fact that numerous Jews come to implore there, and their petitions sound like crying. The Wall is the little remaining piece of King Solomon's Temple. After the Jews were expelled from Sanctuary Mount, the Western Wall turned into the most holy spot of Judaism. There are two significant organizations of Jews in this piece of the city. There is the Sephardic gathering, who originate from Spain, Africa, and the Mediterranean, and there is the Ashkenazic gathering, who originate from Northern Europe. Another segment of the Old City is the Christian Quarter. The middle of this piece of the city is The Church of the Holy Sepulcher. It is accepted that the Via Dolorosa, a road, was the site of the first Stations of the Cross. Besides, it is kept up that Jesus was initially covered at this site. The Church was reconstructed by Crusaders in 1099 CE, yet it was initially worked in the fourth century. The St. James Cathedral is the focal point of consideration in the Armenian part. Numerous families who got away from the Armenian Holocaust in 1915 settled in the Old City. A significant number of the occupants of this piece of the Armenian Quarter practice the Greek Orthodox religion. The last segment of the city is the Muslim Section. On the Temple Mount are the gold-domed Dome of the Rock (661 BCE) and the silver-domed al-Aqsa mosques. The Rock alluded to in Dome of the Rock is Mt.Zion. This is the place Abram went to forfeit Isaac and Muhammed rose to paradise.

The Journey to Turn Your Credit Around

The Journey to Turn Your Credit Around The Journey to Turn Your Credit Around The Journey to Turn Your Credit AroundImproving your credit score is like building Rome. It isn’t going to happen overnight and you probably don’t want to do it alone. That’s why you have to see improving your credit as a journey, and why you should get help from friends, family, and your buddies over here at the OppLoans Financial Sense Blog.In order to give you a sense of the steps you’ll take on your credit score voyage, we spoke to Courtney Sanders, an entrepreneur and speaker who overcame her own bad credit problems, and friend of the blog Jeanne Kelly, one of our favorite nationally recognized credit experts.Lace up your shoes, because your credit journey is about to begin.Start paying off your bills on time.This can be the simplest, and sometimes, the most difficult step. But according to Sanders, it’s an important first step: “Pay your bills on time every month, even if you have to call the credit card company and negotiate a lower minimum payment. The important t hing is that you establish regular, on-time payment history.”Your payment history is 35 percent of your credit report, making it the single largest factor in determining your credit score. That’s why it’s the first place to start fixing things up. It can take real sacrifice and dedication to get your bills in order, especially if you’re far behind. You shouldn’t hesitate to ask friends and family for help if you need it. Having a better credit score might mean you’ll be in a better position to help them out if they ever need it.Look back at old loans.Just because you’ve forgotten about old loans, that doesn’t mean those loans have forgotten about you. Those old loans can impact your credit score now. You should review your entire financial history early on your journey to fix your credit. According to Kelly, one of the big examples of past loans deserving of review are student loans:“Review all your student loans after graduation. You might have old emails or old h ome address, as your parents possibly moved after you graduated high school. If you do not get notices once payments are due, that will drop your credit score if they are not paid on time. It’s very important to check on what loans you have outstanding and when payments are due. Often students do not realize that each semester the loan was taken out is another account on your credit report. So, if you happen to go to college for eight semesters and needed loans for each, that would show up as eight separate loans on your credit report. Miss one payment and that is eight loans in the negative section of your report showing that missed payment. You might want to look into consolidating the student loans into one loan after graduation.”Start managing your credit card properly.It isn’t enough to just pay your bills on time. The next step of your credit score journey is using your credit card in a smarter way. That’s why Sanders recommends you: “Manage your credit card utilizat ion ratio. Dont carry a balance higher than 30 percent of your available credit at any one time.”Your credit mix might only be 10 percent of your credit score, but you want all the help you can get. Even if you’re paying all your bills, having too much racked up on your card doesn’t look good to the credit bureaus who calculate your credit score.Don’t close other cards.Although having too high a balance on your credit card is bad, that doesn’t mean that no balance is better. It might seem counterintuitive, but closing old credit cards can actually make your credit situation worse. Here’s how Sanders explained it:“Keep credit lines open. I know when people are trying to get out of debt they think they should pay everything off, close all of those credit card accounts, and that will improve their credit score. While paying things down is definitely great for that credit card utilization ratio, if you close the account it could actually hurt your credit score because you want to establish credit history. So the longer that you have credit lines open and you can demonstrate that you have a good track record in paying your bills every month, the better it is for your credit score.”The length of your credit history is 15 percent of your credit score, so again, not the biggest part, but not nothing either!The promised land of better loan rates.It won’t be an easy journey, but the destination makes it worth it. You can learn more in our recent blog post How Fixing Your Credit Can Fix Your Future. Whether it’s getting better rates on a loan, a car, or even a job you might get turned away from if your credit was worse, it’ll all pay off in the end.Visit OppLoans on YouTube | Facebook | Twitter | LinkedINContributorsJeanne Kelly (@creditscoop)  After being turned down for a mortgage 15 years ago, Jeanne Kelly realized she needed to get her credit in order. Not only was she able to fix her bad credit, but she took the skills and knowledge she gained and decided to share it with the world. Now she’s a nationally regarded credit coach and expert, with multiple books and television appearances. Follow her on Twitter and check out her site to get the credit help you need!Courtney Sanders  is an entrepreneur, speaker, and rising authority on women’s empowerment. Through her training and development company, Think Grow Chick, LLC, Courtney provides online in-person education, mentorship, and community for millennial women. After educating herself on the “ins and outs” of personal development, money management, and entrepreneurship, Courtney climbed her way out of debt in a few short years and went on to successfully launch Think Grow Chick.In 2015 she authored the book, Get What You Want: The Ultimate Guide to Figuring Out + Getting What You Want in Life which has since served as a catalyst for several related trainings and programs.

Physical Education Heart Rate Monitoring - 1591 Words

Heart Rate Monitors Today in physical education one main goal is fitness and well being. There are many ways that physical education teachers achieve their goal of increasing their students’ fitness level. One way teacher help student increase their fitness level is by heart rate monitors. When using a heart rate monitor it can help show students what it really means to be physically active and what it does to their body. Heart rate monitors are used to calculate the individuals’ heart rate per minute very quickly. There are several different pieces of types of heart rate monitors used. The most basic type of heart rate monitor is the watch and chest strap combination. Or there is also just a watch like heart rate monitor. There also the heart rate monitors that are included on treadmills, bicycles and elliptical machines. The heart rate monitors on machines are as accurate. Like the heart rate monitors on a treadmill, there are also heart rate monitors they are in a shape of a bar, hand grip. These heart rate monitor look similar to ones that are on treadmills because they use the same use the same gripping motion. One way for the teacher to see how his/her students are doing is to get software that collects data from the heart rate monitors that the students are wearing. There is a PE Manager that can be used off a computer to store, analyze and report students’ daily activities during class. So this way not only would the students see what their heart rate is but theShow MoreRelatedPreventing Chf Readmission Rates : A Multi Factorial Approach That Involves Careful Monitoring And Patient Participation1180 Words   |  5 PagesPreventing CHF readmission rates is a multi-factorial approach that involves careful monitoring and patient participation. Providers can decrease CHF readmission rates through evidence-based practice and extensive patient education. The first step in preventing CHF readmission rates is recognizing those at higher risk for readmission. The studies reviewed demonstrated that certain physiological and socio-economical factors are indicators for higher risk of read mission rates. Diabetes, number of hospitalRead MoreThe Role Of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs1089 Words   |  5 PagesIndividuals who have encountered an event of a heart attack, angina, heart failure, stroke, coronary artery bypass graft, or heart valve surgery experience multiple unfavourable healthcare outcomes. Cardiac health conditions are an enduring healthcare concern with alarming associated complications and risks. These lifelong chronic conditions affect both patient and family’s quality of life, ultimately, requiring ongoing management for cardiac patients to live longer and healthier lives. Cardiac rehabilitationRead MoreCardiac Health Care Case Study1640 Words   |  7 Pagesa major contribution of death, as cardiac patients who suffer from a cardiovascular disease will lose their life every 12 minutes (Foundation, 2017). Cardiac patients who have encountered an event of a heart attack, angina or chest pain, heart failure, stroke, coronary artery bypass gra ft, or heart valve surgery experience multiple unfavourable health care outcomes. Cardiac health conditions are an enduring health care concern with alarming associated complications and risks. These lifelong chronicRead MoreA Short Note On The Elderly Population : A Final Review Of Literature Synthesis1332 Words   |  6 PagesManagement of Heart Failure in the Elderly Population: A Final Review of Literature Synthesis Lilian Chira Introduction Heart failure is a chronic, debilitating disease affecting 5.1 million Americans; approximately 875,000 new cases are diagnosed each year (Sterne, Grossman, Migliardi, and Swallow, 2014). Heart failure is more commonly diagnosed in the elderly population. There are ways to help manage heart failure like lifestyle modifications and use of pharmacology, and assessment for surgicalRead MoreNursing Interventions That Are Appropriate For Mrs. J. 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Figure 1 shows a conceptual representation of a system used for remote monitoring. These monitoring system consist of variousRead MoreHeart Failure And The Elderly Population1608 Words   |  7 PagesHeart failure is more commonly diagnosed in the elderly population. There are ways to help manage heart failure like lifestyle modifications and use of pharmacology, and assessment for surgical intervention. Treatment of heart failure requires intensive medical, dietary, behavioral, and lifestyle modification to achieve improved quality of life, fewer hospitalizations, and decreased mortality (Singh, H., McGregor, Nigro, Higginson, and Larsen, 2014). Heart failure is a complex condition thatRead MoreA Report On Physical Activity1459 Words   |  6 Pagesthe teacher/lecturer a report on physical activity in young people is required for submission. Recommendations as appropriate are to be included. 2 Procedure 2.1 The project was discussed and agreed with the lecturer/teacher. 2.2 With the prior agreement of the head teacher 25 questionnaires for children and adults were distributed at the local school. 2.3 Various books and papers from the library were analyzed. 2.4 Information was obtained from The American Heart Foundation and NHS Scotland, I haveRead MoreTeam Based Transitions Of Care1240 Words   |  5 Pages1. Team-Based Transitions of Care in Heart Failure. Judy Tingley, Mary A. Dolansky, Mary N Walsh, Heart Failure Clinics, 2015-07-01 Volume 11 Issue 3 Pages 371-378 Elsevier Inc The authors of this article explore the importance of and latest advances in transitions of care programs for patients with Heart Failure (HF). The authors paint a clear picture about the scope of the problem and go on to discuss some of the most well-known and researched transitions of care interventions in current practiceRead MoreThe Use Of An Education Protocol For Hf Patients And Its Impact On Multidisciplinary Team Members Perceptions Of Structured Patient985 Words   |  4 Pagesreview According to the literature, heart failure (HF) is a complex disease that requires intricate management strategies. The demands to reduce the costs associated with heart failure admissions and readmissions are increasing across the health care industry. The purpose of this project is to examine the use of an education protocol for HF patients and its impact on multidisciplinary team members’ perceptions of structured patient education and reducing heart failure admissions and readmissions

Conserve Green Space Essay - 1220 Words

People have been increasingly progressive over the years and just want to keep building and expanding. However, they forget to take care of the planet they are building on. They forget that we need to conserve green space as it provides many ecosystem services such as water filtration and air filtration. They also provide many other ecosystem services such as tourism, a space for peace and calm and solemnity, and a certain aesthetic that it provides. These green areas are also important because one of their biggest ecosystem services is that they decrease the amount of carbon in the air. We need to bring about change to preserve these green spaces which provide so many things and help the Earth run like it should. Businesses want to†¦show more content†¦The first body of water had approximately 4 ppm of dissolved oxygen, 0 ppm of phosphorus, 5 ppm of nitrates, a pH of 5.1, and the temperature was 12 degrees celsius. The second body of water had approximately 4 ppm of dissolv ed oxygen, 0.3 ppm of phosphorus, 10/3 ppm of nitrates, a pH of 6.97, and the temperature was 9 degrees celsius. There were also lots of previous human interactions. There was lots of litter, spray-painted rocks and stakes. The ecosystem is built next to a trail so there will definitely be the human interaction of walking. Important Parameters An ecosystem has many parts to it and one of the most important parts is biodiversity. It increases survivability in species and can help humans a lot. Also as this ecosystem is an early successional ecosystem biodiversity is very important as it keeps the ecosystem stable. With a gas station being built habitat is being destroyed and that can cause decreased biodiversity which threatens the existence of the ecosystem. When the gas station is build there will be increased edge space, less habitat and as a result of more edge space and a gas station being built more outside interaction. These could all lead to many of the populations in the ecosystems dying out. If the vegetation dies out it poses a problem to us as that is decreasing green space, food security and other things that biodiversity guarantees. Also since there is lessShow MoreRelatedCauses And Effects Of Climate Change1706 Words   |  7 Pagesare among the dozen warmest since 1850 (News.nationalge ographic.com, 2015). The temperature keeps increasing year by year. The scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) reported that the average global temperature on earth has increase by about 0.8 ° Celsius since 1880 (Earthobservatory.nasa.gov, 2015). This essay will talk about the causes and effects of climate change, and also present some possible solutions which relevant to the issues. The causes of climate change can be dividedRead MoreHuman Interactions And Its Effects On The Environment Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesMini essay 3 Earth, the place many of us call home, is slowly deteriorating. Constant abuse, mistreatment, and the theft of it’s natural resources has left an environment that is fortunately still bearable. But, for how long? There is a point where the inhabitants of this Earth need to take credit for their mistreatment and recognize the steps needed to conserve precious resources. Human interactions within the environment has shown both positive and negative effects on the overall well being ofRead MoreForm And Design Of Development Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesadoption and implementation of tree preservation policies. Also, designs for new development will consider the need for suitable locations to accommodate the planting of street trees. 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These three issues are interconnected, solving one, benefits the others. This essay explores possible steps to effect positive change. Renewable Energy U.S. President Barack Obama beat me to the finish line regarding a renewable energy plan. Yesterday, with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), President Obama announced the CleanRead MoreEssay on Mans Journey with Nature793 Words   |  4 Pageswith the concepts and champions for each separate conviction. In the book Man and Nature, George Perkins Marsh details the case of a superior man who is forced to take control over nature for his survival. As rebuttal, Ralph Waldo Emerson, in his essay Nature, promotes the case of man intertwined and united with the complex systems of nature. A deliberation of both arguments is mandatory in order to understand the natural, explicit correlation that exists between man and nature. 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Jetair Ltd. and Contemporary Companies and Securities Law Free Essays

Introduction In acting as advisors for the Pilot’s Association Australia and Airlines Union Australia, we seek to explore the legality of the various actions of the Jetair Ltd. ’s Board of Directors which ultimately lead to the hiring of a new staff body in New Zealand by JetairNZ Ltd at a lowered salary and the subsequent redundancy of Jetair Ltd. ’s Australian-based senior managers and pilots. We will write a custom essay sample on Jetair Ltd. and Contemporary Companies and Securities Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now The outcomes sought by the various employee associations seek for firstly, the imposition of the Australian-based wage of Jetair Ltd. s former senior managers and pilots upon the New Zealand-based staff of JetairNZ Ltd. The second outcome sought by the employee associations seeks for the retrenchment of the senior managers and pilots made redundant by Jetair Ltd. The third concern is with regards to ‘excessive’ remuneration of Jetair Ltd. ’s board. In examining these concerns, there are a number of legal areas that must be examined: firstly the relationship between Jetair Ltd. and JetairNZ Ltd. s a related body corporate and the various duties owed to both companies by their Board of Directors; the duties owed by the Board of Directors to both companies and the body corporate as a whole and the possibility of conflict of interest; the duty of care owed by the Board of Directors to their employees and the company as a whole; and finally the exploration of the remu neration of Jetair Ltd. ’s Board of Directors as a reflection of the current financial situation of the company. The argument for and against the pursuit of legal action will be based solely upon relevant legislation and case law; therefore the conclusions drawn will be the recommendation for the employee associations in regards to the pursuit of legal action. Related Bodies Corporate – Holding and Subsidiary Companies Given that conducting business with an Australian-based workforce operations, business proved to be cash-flow effective, but unprofitable – Jetair Ltd. has sought to pursue a differentiated corporate structure. In order to achieve this, Jetair Ltd. stablished a subsidiary, JetairNZ, in order to gain advantages that were previously unavailable. Incentives for the formation of a subsidiary, foreign or local, are provided for through both the rule of separate entity and limited liability. In the case of Jetair Ltd. the rules listed above provide for the existence of JetairNZ as a separate legal entity (although also functioning as part of the body corporate) with all o f the same rights and obligations as any other registered company independent of its parent organization. The provision of limited liability as an individual company allows for the pursuit of extensive operations by the body corporate whilst remaining wary of liability in the case of insolvency of the subsidiary. Therefore, Jetair Ltd may be defined as the holding company whilst JetairNZ may be defined as a wholly-owned subsidiary. As the majority of the Board, three out of five directors, are controlled by Jetair Ltd. we can establish that the Board of Directors of JetairNZ is controlled by Jetair Ltd. From this we can assume that whilst JetairNZ enjoys the status of a separate entity and the overall corporate group is protected through the principle of limited liability; JetairNZ is in effect controlled by Jetair Ltd. Even though it is plausible to assume that Jetair Ltd. is in effect controlling the mind and will of JetairNZ the likelihood of piercing or lifting the corporate veil in order to determine without a doubt the timing, origin and motivation of JetairNZ’s decision to employ new personnel in conjunction with Jetair Ltd. ’s decision to effect a mass lay-off is highly unlikely. Indeed a concise summation of this principle may be credited to Rogers J in Briggs v James Hardie Co Pty Ltd (1989) ‘Even the complete domination or control exercised by a parent over the subsidiary is not a sufficient basis for lifting the corporate veil ’1. Given precedence, the Courts would be unwilling to lift the corporate veil given the application of the entity doctrine by the High Court. An encompassing remark made in the case of Varangian Pty Ltd v OFM Capital Ltd [2003] by Dodds-Streeton, that may be relied upon in Jetair Ltd. s case is ‘The underlying unity of economic purpose, common personnel, common membership and control have not been held to justify the lifting the corporate veil’2. 1Briggs v James Hardie Co Pty Ltd (1989) 16 NSWLR 549, 588 2 Varangian Pty Ltd v OFM Capital Ltd [2003] VSC 444 at [142] Interestingly, although the issue of redundancy payments is not being questioned by the employee associations – the case of Stanboroug h v Woolworths Ltd [2005] NSEADT 203 at [44]3, which illustrates a disparity in redundancy payments within a corporate group, illustrates the further application of the doctrine of separate entity which may be applied to Jetair Ltd. and JetairNZ in terms of the variance of remuneration offered and the retrenchment of redundant staff. To argue that the same remuneration be offered to both previous Jetair Ltd. and new JetairNZ employees would prove to be futile given that although they exist within the same corporate group, Jetair Ltd. and JetairNZ are in the eyes of the law separate entities. JetairNZ Board of Directors – Appointment Control In the formation of JetairNZ, the board of directors appointed by Jetair Ltd. consists of several representatives of Jetair Ltd. and two representatives from the airline industry in New Zealand. As a holding company, Jetair Ltd. is well within the law to appoint its own nominees to the Board of Directors of a subsidiary such as JetairNZ. In fact, this proves to be common practice, with the frequent alignment of interests amongst the company as a whole. Although there is an alignment of interests between both the holding company and subsidiary, in case there is any situation in which a conflict of interests arises the directors of a subsidiary such as JetairNZ are required to act in the best interests of the subsidiary, not the company as a whole. In this case, the appointees of Jetair Ltd. currently serving as directors for JetairNZ are obligated to act in the best interests of JetairNZ at all times, precedence is given in the case Walker v Wimbore (1976) 137 CLR 14. Given the question of the enforcement of the previous Australian-wage for all JetairNZ senior managers and pilots, this would have to be in the best interests of JetairNZ alone to be passed by the JetairNZ board. Given that maintaining employees based in New Zealand is relatively less expensive 3 Stanborough v Woolworths Ltd [2005] NSEADT 203 at [44] Walker v Wimbore (1976) 137 CLR 1 in terms of remuneration for JetairNZ, employing an inflated level of remuneration would not be in the best interests of JetairNZ. Should the Board of Directors pursue such an action, they would not be acting in the best interests of the company and they would be in breach of duty. Director’s Duty of Care – Company vs. Employees In examining the duty of care owed by the Board of Directors of Jetair Ltd. there exists an inequality of that which is owed to employees and to the company. The first priority of the directors’ is to maximize the value of the company, in order to maximize the earnings of the shareholders in the short- and long-term. However, directors also owe a duty of care to their employees and other various stakeholders in the company – often termed Corporate Social Responsibility. In the case of Jetair Ltd. and the potential action from employees and their relevant associations there exist arguments both for and against Jetair Ltd. ’s redundancy scheme. The arguments against Jetair Ltd. ’s action stem from the consideration for corporate social responsibility of companies – specifically for their employees. However, an examination of CMAC Report – The Social Responsibility of Corporations (2006)5 addresses many of the issues arising in the course of companies conducting business – whereby various stakeholders in companies concerns are unaddressed or unsupported by current company law. Whilst the report allows for recognition of the conflicts between companies and various stakeholders it also considered the current company law to be sufficient in granting persons such as the directors of Jetair Ltd. the appropriate powers and obligations to take into account their corporate social responsibility. The report also concluded that any amendment to the Corporations Act 20016 was unsubstantiated. Whilst it is possible to cite 5 Corporations and Markets Advisory Committee (2006) The Social Responsibilities of Corporations 6 The Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) Corporate Social Responsibility as an argument for the retrenchment of the former senior managers and pilots of Jetair Ltd. , The Social Responsibility of Corporations (2006)7 has found that the consideration of stakeholders such as employees may prove to be detrimental to corporate decision-makers primary consideration – the shareholders. There exists a significant argument against the sublimation of the interests of shareholders to pursue the interests of company employees. Simply put, directors of a company should not place the interests of employees before the interests of shareholders as is illustrated in Parke v Daily News Ltd [1962]; whereby we may assume that the fiduciary duties of the directors lie with the shareholders alone. The redundancy payments previously received by former employees are indeed a necessary compensation as they were incidental to Jetair Ltd. carrying on their business, having been a previously agreed contractual obligation. Redundancy payments may also be viewed as a facet of Corporate Social Responsibility, as they frequently appease the employee unions and ease the continuance of business. Jetair Ltd. differentiated their corporate structure, through the creation of a subsidiary and a shift in staffing location and remuneration, in order to achieve lowered operational costs – thereby maximizing shareholder’s value. Jetair Ltd. also upon making the represented employees redundant paid all entitlements, and has not breached the Corporations Act 20019 regarding employee entitlements. From this we may reason that Jetair Ltd. has fulfilled their legal obligation to act in the best interests of the shareholders before their employees; and has also fulfilled their legal obligations regarding employee entitlements whilst also pursuing a measure of Corporate Social Responsibility through the provision of redundancy payments to facilitate their employment transition and ease tension with relevant employee associations. 7 Corporations and Markets Advisory Committee (2006) The Social Responsibilities of Corporations 8 Parke v Daily News Ltd [1962] Ch 927 Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) Jetair Board of Directors Remuneration When addressing the issue of dissention of former employees and their associations with the level of remuneration of the board of directors of Jetair Ltd. , it is necessary to explain the procedures regarding director’s remuneration to ascertain if there has been any illegal action. There are several key discussion points as follow: the company cons titution, the corporate governance principles, and lastly current opinion regarding high levels of director’s remuneration. Firstly, a director is not permitted to receive any remuneration from their company unless approved by either the company’s constitution (replaceable rules included) or the shareholders. If we assume that Jetair Ltd. ’s constitution provides for the ability of the board to decide their own remuneration; this, although in direct conflict with corporate governance, is not in fact illegal. The assignation of large bonuses in addition to the usual remuneration was awarded at the AGM in November 2011, and therefore was disclosed to shareholders and passed by a vote either by the shareholders or the board of directors. According to the Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations10, Jetair Ltd. must pursue a directors’ remuneration policy of remunerating fairly ad responsibly. In order to prove any wrongdoing by the board of Jetair Ltd. the following must be proved: excessive remuneration leading to oppressive or unfair conduct leading to no/reduced shareholder dividends; deviation from company policies regarding the company’s performance and its effect upon director’s remuneration; or a lack of disclosure of the remuneration of each individual director. 0 ASX Corporate Governance Council(2010) Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations In recent years there has been a shift in public perceptions regarding level of executive and non-executive director’s remuneration; largely due to the poor performance of many companies throughout the Global Financial Crisis. This has led to a strengthening of the framework relating company performance to director’ s remuneration through the Corporations Amendment (Improving Accountability on Director and Executive Remuneration) Act 2011 (Cth)11. Pursuing action regarding the ‘excessive’ remuneration or bonuses of the directors of Jetair Ltd. , in the case that any of the above was substantiated would lead to the return of the ‘excessive’ remuneration to Jetair Ltd. The pursuit of such an action would prove to return value to the company, but would in no way assist in the retrenchment of former employees. Conclusion Recommendations To conclude it is not recommended for the Commercial Airlines Union and the Pilots Association to pursue legal action against either Jetair Ltd. r JetairNZ. This report has sought to outline any potential courses of action available to the employee associations representing the recently terminated Australian-based senior managers and pilots of Jetair Ltd. The arguments against pursuing legal action are based in case or legislative law; and provide legal reasoning for the actions of Jetair Ltd. Although the employees and their associations may at this time feel that the si tuation is unfair there exists, at this time, no apparent legal wrongdoing on the part of Jetair Ltd. n their establishment of a subsidiary company, termination of current employees, the imposition of a lesser wage for employees of JetairNZ or the recent award of large bonuses in addition to remuneration of the Board of Directors of Jetair Ltd. Word Count: 2,164 11 Corporations Amendment (Improving Accountability on Director and Executive Remuneration) Act 2011 (Cth) Sources Cited oASX Corporate Governance Council (2010), Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations oBriggs v James Hardie Co Pty Ltd (1989) 16 NSWLR 549, 588 oCorporations Act 2001 (Cth) Corporations Amendment (Improving Accountability on Director and Executive Remuneration) Act 2011 (Cth) oCorporations and Markets Advisory Committee (2006) The Social Responsibilities of Corporations oParke v Daily News Ltd [1962] Ch 927 oLipton, P. Herzberg,A. Welsch,Michelle (2012), ‘Understanding Company Law’ (16th Edt. ), Corporate Education Services Pty Ltd. oStanborough v Woolworths Ltd [2005] NSEADT 203 at [44] oWalker v Wimbore (1976) 137 CLR 1 oVarangian Pty Ltd v OFM Capital Ltd [2003] VSC 444 at [142] How to cite Jetair Ltd. and Contemporary Companies and Securities Law, Essay examples

The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay Example For Students

The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay , tells the story of a woman punished for adultery, a guilty- cowardly- lover and an aging, vengeful, husband. One theme played out in this story is the effect sin has on the individual. Hester Prynne, Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale and Roger Chillingworth echo the theme of the effect of sin on the individual. 1Hester Prynne is a perfect example of the effect of sin on the individual through her physical isolation. 2Hester separated herself from town. 3Once released from jail Hester moves to .. . the outskirts of town We will write a custom essay on The Scarlet Letter, written by Nathaniel Hawthorne specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now not in the vicinity of any other habitations(84). 3Hester separates herself from the rest of the town to seek shelter. 3 Once Hester settles into her abode a mystic shadow of suspicion immediately attached itself to that spot(85). 3Rumors immediately arose once she began living there.2The towns people would never associate or look like they associated with Hester. 3Where ever Hester stood a small vacant area formed itself about her(220). 3Not only did Hester separate herself from the community, but they had no desire to be close to her. Although Hester was a charitable woman, those in need insulted the hand that fed them(87). 3The lowliest and most wretched of the public refused to acknowledge her as an equal. 2The community not only alienated Hester but she was hated as well. 3After her release from prison people believed she should have . .. the brand of a hot iron.. . on her forehead or worse, been hanged (59). 3The women of the town had no sympathy for Hester or her child. 3When Hester entered church she found herself being . ..the text of the discourse(88). 3The sanctuary of the church could not save her from being made an example. 2The children in the town taunt and tease her. 3As she walked to the governors house the children wanted to fling mud at her. 3The children did not realize the seriousness of Hesters crime, but they did understand she was different and was mocked. 3As Hester ventured into town she found herself . ..pursued.. .at a distance with shrill cries, of the children (89).2Also Hesters sin causes her great humiliation. 3As people stared at the brand on Hesters bosom a . ..deeper throb of pain.. . coursed through her body (89). 3She suffered a .. .dreadful agony when the eye would rest upon her brand (89). 3People gazing onto her token caused Hester to suffer great pain and shame. 4Obviously, Hesters sin isolated her from the social aspect of town.1Reverand Arthur Dimmesdale shows his sin greatly through his physical changes. 2Dimmesdales physical changes where greatly noticed through his loss of weight. 3Throughout the story Dimmesdales figure grew emaciated(119). 3The Reverend would fast and perform vigil, long into the night, to seek enlightenment causing him to waste away. 3As the story concludes he begins to look .. .haggard and feeble(179). 3Dimmesdales guilt over his sin caused him to become sick and very weak. 2Arthurs change is also evident in the loss of color in his face. 3Dimmesdale had been seen to have a flush and then a paleness at the slightest startling (119). 3The slightest startling would turn him white as a sheet. 3After the reverend gave his election sermon he had a deathlike hue(234). 3The fact that all the life was drained out of this poor man was evident. 2Dimmesdale also experienced much pain. 3He was observed as having a behavior . ..indicative of pain(119). 3Arthur had suffered through a . ..gnawing and poisonous tooth of bodily pain(144). 3Arthurs sin and guilt had caused him great pain and suffering. .uf82fbec00003397b36b1a705ec0e6c91 , .uf82fbec00003397b36b1a705ec0e6c91 .postImageUrl , .uf82fbec00003397b36b1a705ec0e6c91 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; 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vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf82fbec00003397b36b1a705ec0e6c91:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Future Of Fiber Optics Essay 2Frequently, Dimmesdale had his hand pressed to his heart. 3Many times the minister had been seen with his hand over his heart (119). 3No one really knew why he did this, however Pearl believed that the Black Man set his mark in that place (179). 3Arthur Dimmesdale placed his hand over his heart as if he were trying to suppress pain, or keeps something hidden. 2Finally, Reverend Dimmesdales sin branded him.3He had feared that the entire universe was . ..gazing at a scarlet token on his naked breast.. .(144). 3His fears had come full circle as he tore away the ministerial band from before his breast, revealing his scarlet